1, Kev lag luam roj hmab ntawv
Cov roj hmab ntuj tsim rau dej, dej hiav txwv, huab cua, inert gases, alkalis, ntsev, aqueous daws thiab lwm yam xov xwm, tab sis tsis resistant rau cov ntxhia roj thiab cov kuab tshuaj tsis-polar, ntev siv kub tsis tshaj 90 degree, tsis tshua muaj kub kev kawm. yog qhov zoo heev, tuaj yeem siv siab dua -60 degree .
NBR yog tsim rau cov khoom siv roj av, xws li roj av, lubricating roj, roj roj, thiab lwm yam., siv lub sijhawm ntev kub ntawm 120 degree, xws li hauv cov roj kub tuaj yeem tiv taus 150 degree, qis kub ntawm -10 ~ -20 degree.
chloroprene roj hmab yog haum rau seawater, tsis muaj zog acid, tsis muaj zog alkali, ntsev tov, zoo heev tsis kam mus rau oxygen thiab ozone kev laus kev ua tau zoo, roj kuj yog thib ob rau nitrile roj hmab thiab zoo dua li lwm yam hom phiaj roj hmab, ntev siv kub yog qis dua 90. degree, qhov siab tshaj plaws siv kub tsis tshaj 130 degree, qis kub ntawm -30 ~ -50 degree .
Muaj ntau ntau hom fluoroelastomers, uas muaj cov kua qaub zoo, oxidation tsis kam thiab roj thiab hnyav tsis kam. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov kua qaub tshaj tawm nrog rau qee cov roj thiab cov kuab tshuaj, thiab kev siv lub sijhawm ntev yog qis dua 200 degree.
Cov ntawv roj hmab ua lub flange gasket, feem ntau yog siv hauv cov kav dej los yog nquag dismantled manhole, handhole, siab tsis tshaj 1.568 MPa. Vim hais tias nyob rau hauv txhua yam ntawm gaskets, roj hmab gasket yog softest, zoo haum kev ua tau zoo, nyob rau hauv me me preload yuav ua si ib tug sealing nyhuv. Vim li no, thaum raug rau sab hauv siab, lub gasket yog yooj yim extruded vim nws thickness los yog tsawg hardness.
Cov ntawv roj hmab siv rau hauv benzene, ketone, ether thiab lwm yam organic solvents, yooj yim rau yaj, hnyav, soften, nplaum tshwm sim, uas ua rau sealing tsis ua hauj lwm. Feem ntau o degree ntau dua 30% siv tsis tau.
Nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tshua muaj siab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv qab 0.6MPa), lub tshuab nqus tsev, kev siv roj hmab gasket yog qhov tsim nyog dua. Cov khoom siv roj hmab yog ntom, tsis tshua muaj permeability. Piv txwv li, fluoroelastomer yog lub gasket uas haum tshaj plaws rau lub tshuab nqus tsev ntim, thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev kawm ntawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1.3 × 10-7 Pa. 6 }} Pa, nws yuav tsum tau ci thiab nqus.
2, Asbestos roj hmab ntawv
Tus nqi qis dua lwm cov gaskets, yooj yim siv; Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws yog: txawm hais tias cov khoom siv gasket ntxiv cov roj hmab thiab qee cov fillers, tseem tsis tuaj yeem sau cov stringing me me pores kiag li, muaj ib qho kab ntawm infiltration. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ib tug heev polluting nruab nrab, txawm tias lub siab, qhov kub thiab txias yog tsis siab yuav siv tau. Thaum siv nyob rau hauv ib co high-temperature roj xov xwm, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub lig kev siv, vim roj hmab thiab muab tub lim carbonisation, lub zog txo, cov khoom yuav xoob, ces nyob rau hauv lub interface thiab lub gasket nyob rau hauv lub infiltration, coking thiab fuming phenomenon. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv roj hmab asbestos yog ib qho yooj yim rau daim ntawv cog lus ntawm flange sealing nto ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau rau kev hloov cov gaskets.
Nyob rau hauv lub xeev rhuab, lub gasket nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov xov xwm nyob rau hauv kev siv ntawm lub siab nyob ntawm seb lub zog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv gasket retention tus nqi. Asbestos fiber ntau nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm crystalline dej thiab adsorbed dej. 110 degree, nruab nrab ntawm cov fibers ntawm cov dej adsorbed tau 2/3 nag lossis daus, lub zog tensile ntawm fiber ntau yog txo los ntawm 10%; 368 degree, tag nrho cov adsorbed dej nag, lub zog tensile ntawm fiber ntau txo los ntawm 20%; ntau tshaj 500 degree, cov dej crystalline pib los nag, lub zog tseem qis dua. Qhov nruab nrab kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau lub zog ntawm asbestos roj hmab ntawv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv aviation lubricant thiab aviation roj roj, 400 roj-resistant asbestos roj hmab daim ntawv lateral tensile lub zog sib txawv ntawm 80%, uas yog vim aviation roj roj ntawm cov roj hmab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub o ntawm aviation lubricant yog loj. Xav txog cov xwm txheej saum toj no, kev pom zoo siv ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv asbestos hauv tsev XB450: kub 250 degree ~ 300 degree, siab 3 ~ 3.5MPa; Kev siv kub ntawm No.400 roj-resistant asbestos roj hmab ntawv yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 350 degree .
Asbestos roj hmab daim ntawv muaj chlorine ions thiab sulphide, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau tsim corrosive thawj roj teeb nrog hlau flange tom qab absorbing dej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov sulfur nyob rau hauv cov roj-resistant asbestos roj hmab ntawv yog ob peb zaug ntau dua li cov asbestos zoo tib yam roj hmab ntawv, yog li nws yog tsis haum rau siv nyob rau hauv uas tsis yog-roj nruab nrab. Gasket nyob rau hauv cov roj thiab hnyav xov xwm yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub o tshwm sim, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntau yam, lub sealing kev ua tau zoo yog yeej tsis cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, No. 400 roj-resistant asbestos roj hmab daim ntawv nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub aviation roj rau 24 teev immersion xeem, qhov yuav tsum tau vim roj nqus hnyav nce yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 15%.
3, Polytetrafluoroethylene muaj
Polytetrafluoroethylene yog ib qho yooj yim kom txias txaus thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub siab thiab kub, yog li nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov tsis tshua muaj siab, nruab nrab kub, muaj zog corrosion thiab tsis tso cai rau kev sib kis ntawm nruab nrab, xws li muaj zog acids, muaj zog alkalis, halogens, tshuaj thiab thiaj li. ntawm. Kev nyab xeeb siv qhov kub ntawm 150 degree, siab hauv qab 1MPa. Sau PTFE txawm tias muaj zog dua, tab sis kev siv qhov kub tsis ntau tshaj 200 degree, thiab corrosion kuj yog txo. Kev siv siab tshaj plaws ntawm PTFE gaskets feem ntau tsis tshaj 2MPa.
Raws li qhov kub nce siab, cov khoom nkag mus, ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv kev sib khi. Txawm hais tias qhov kub tsis nce, nrog rau lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv, qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub sealing nto kuj yuav poob, uas ua rau "kev ntxhov siab so phenomenon. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau yam gaskets yuav tsim, tab sis PTFE ncoo kev ntxhov siab so phenomenon yog. hnyav dua, yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg.
PTFE kev sib txhuam coefficient me me (compression stress ntau dua 4MPa, qhov sib txhuam coefficient ntawm 0.035 ~ 0.04), pre-tensioned gaskets yooj yim plam tawm sab nraud, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv lub concave- convex flange. Thaum siv lub dav hlau flange, sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub gasket tuaj yeem tiv nrog lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj, thiab cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv lub gasket los ntawm kev ntog tawm. Raws li cov iav hauv ob sab phlu yog txau rau ntawm cov hlau saum npoo ntawm txheej txheej tom qab sintering, txheej glaze yog nkig heev, ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tsuag tsis sib luag thiab glaze ntws, flange nto flatness yog pluag. Kev siv cov hlau sib xyaw gasket yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev puas tsuaj rau txheej glaze, yog li nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov khoom tseem ceeb los ntawm cov ntawv asbestos ntxiv rau cov roj hmab PTFE gasket. Cov gasket no yooj yim haum nrog flange nto thiab corrosion kuj, kev siv cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
4, Asbestos resin daim ntawv thiab impregnated asbestos ntawv gasket
Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau cov kav dej, twj tso kua mis, li qub, inlet thiab qhov hluav taws xob flanges ntawm ntau yam acidic nruab nrab, nrog rau lawv cov kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm 8 0 degree thiab siab tshaj 0.6MPa.
Asbestos npaj gaskets yog tsim rau cov tsis tshua muaj siab thiab kub kub ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob nrog siab hauv qab no 0.1MPa thiab kub tsis tshaj 800 degree . Thiab raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv, nws tuaj yeem woven rau hauv gaskets yam tsis muaj qhov dav, thickness thiab txoj kab uas hla. Los yog cov ntaub nplaum asbestos raug txiav thiab tso ncaj qha rau ntawm flange nto. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv loj sulfuric acid, nitric acid oxidation rauv thiab ib co unprocessed khoom interface, cov nyhuv yog deb tshaj li cov thawj asbestos hlua.
5, Hlau clad asbestos lev
Asbestos daim ntawv los yog asbestos roj hmab daim ntawv yog them los ntawm cov hlau ntawv, yog li ntawd nws tsis nyob rau hauv ncaj qha kev sib cuag nrog nruab nrab, tsis txhob poob rau hauv lub zog ntawm asbestos fiber ntau thiab kov yeej lub phenomenon ntawm to, yog li nthuav lub Scope ntawm kev siv ntawm asbestos roj hmab ntawv. Feem ntau, qhov kub ntawm cov hlau-clad asbestos gasket yog 450 degree (ib leeg mus txog 600 ~ 700 degree, xws li hauv cov pa roj flue ntawm atmospheric siab ~ 0.16MPa), kev siv lub siab yog 4MPa, mus txog 6MPa, xws li lub siab nce, lub gasket yog nquag mus rau cross-flow tshwm sim, cov khoom tseem ceeb los ntawm kev sib tshooj ntawm extrusion.
Raws li cov hlau-clad asbestos gasket yuav tsum tau ib tug loj ntsia liaj qhov rooj zawm quab yuam, txawm tias thaum siv lub siab qis dua 2.45MPa, tsis tuaj yeem siv pg25kg qib hauv qab ntawm flange. Txwv tsis pub, qhov tawv ntawm flanges thiab bolts ua tsis txaus, ua rau deformation thiab ua rau kev foob tsis ua haujlwm. Qee tus neeg xav tias yog tias cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hloov mus rau qhov zoo dua elasticity ntawm hluavtaws roj hmab, nws lub zog ceev yuav raug txo. Qhov tseeb, nws tsis yog, vim hais tias cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tau hloov mus rau qhov muag, lub zog nrawm yog absorbed los ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, tsis tuaj yeem muab cov phaj hlau nyob rau hauv lub flange nto affixed rau qhov yuav tsum tau fastening quab yuam, packer gasket txee yog ib qho yooj yim. yuav phem heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab uas muaj ntau chloride ions thiab acidic nruab nrab, stainless hlau cladding thiab hlau cladding laps yog nquag mus crevice corrosion.
Kub siab tshaj 450 degree, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem siv ceramic fiber lossis carbon fiber. Ib tsob nroj hlau thiab steel siv hlau-clad ceramic fiber gaskets rau 1100 degree kub, siv ob xyoos tsis tau puas. Flexible graphite raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Tam sim no, lub domestic loj zus tau tej cov saj zawg zog graphite hlau pob gasket. Kev siv nws cov nyhuv yog zoo dua li cov hlau pob asbestos ncoo.
Cov hlau pob lev tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam duab, ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cua sov, cov reactors, npog loj, thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm qhov, manhole flange thiab lwm yam. Hauv tsev tau tsim ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 2m hlau gasket, kev siv zoo.
Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau cushion coated nrog ib txheej ntawm cov graphite saj zawg zog daim ntawv, qhov no gasket thiab cov nto tsis coated nrog tib hom hlau cushion piv rau lub preload siab yog me me, zoo sealing kev ua tau zoo.
6, Hlau winding ncoo
Hlau winding ncoo ntse siv cov hlau kub tsis kam, resilience thiab lub zog thiab yooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog xim hlau, yog li cov sealing kev ua tau zoo, nrog rau stainless hlau daim kab xev winding saj zawg zog graphite pad kev ua tau zoo rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Lub preload ratio siab yog me dua asbestos winding ncoo, thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm asbestos fiber capillary to.
Hauv cov roj nruab nrab, cov hlau sawb feem ntau yog siv 0Cr13, thaum lwm cov xov xwm raug pom zoo kom siv 1Cr18Ni9Ti.
Stainless hlau siv tau yooj yim graphite winding lev nyob rau hauv cov pa nruab nrab, kev siv lub siab rau 14.7MPa (txog 19.6MPa), nyob rau hauv cov kua yuav siv tau txog li 30MPa. kub -190 ~ +600 degree C (thaum tsis muaj oxygen, cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tshua muaj siab siv tau txog 1000 degree C).
Qhov kub tsis kam ntawm PTFE yog qhov zoo, thiab nws lub zog tawm los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog siab dua li ntawm chav tsev kub. Yog li ntawd, PTFE cov ntaub qhwv lub qhov txhab tuaj yeem siv rau cov xov xwm tsis tshua muaj kub, xws li cov kua hydrocarbons. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim muaj cov hlau nplaum sib ntxiv los txhim kho cov thermal conductivity, PTFE cov ntaub qhwv lub qhov txhab tuaj yeem siv tau ntawm qhov kub txog li 250 degree, hauv cov kua qaub tawm tuaj yeem siv txog 9MPa, 200 degree.
Nws yog tsim rau cov cua kub exchangers, reactors, pipelines, li qub, twj thiab ntshuam/export flanges nrog loj fluctuations nyob rau hauv siab thiab kub. Rau nruab nrab lossis siab dua siab thiab kub tshaj 300 degree, nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab siv nrog lub nplhaib sab hauv, lub nplhaib sab nraud lossis sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Yog hais tias siv lub concave-convex nto flange, nrog lub nplhaib puab ntawm lub winding gasket yog zoo dua.
Nyob rau hauv lub saj zawg zog graphite winding gasket ntawm ob sab ntawm lub saj zawg zog graphite phaj kuj ua tau zoo sealing nyhuv. Ib lub tshuab cog qoob loo loj loj pov tseg kub boiler yog qhov kub thiab txias cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb, nrog rau lub nplhaib sab nraud ntawm graphite winding gasket, tag nrho cov load tsis to, load txo yog to. Ntawm ob sab ntawm lub gasket nce 0.5 hli tuab saj zawg zog graphite phaj, txiav mus rau hauv ib ncig arc, qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm kev siv bevelled ceg tawv, kev siv cov kev mob zoo.
7, Hlau ca gaskets, yoj gaskets thiab toothed gaskets Hlau ca gaskets thiab hlau yoj gaskets
Feem ntau siv rau hauv nruab nrab thiab siab siab li qub, cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv me me flange. Kev siv lub siab raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov qub rau 1.568 ~ 31.36MPa, tom kawg rau 1.568 ~ 3.92MPa. gasket khoom raws li qhov nruab nrab thiab kub xaiv.
8, octagonal thiab oval gasket
Siv rau trapezoidal groove flange octagonal gasket thiab elliptic gasket (refining kev lag luam feem ntau hu ua "lub ntiaj teb steel nplhaib") sealing kev ua tau zoo. Ntawm qhov taper ntawm qhov zawj, octagonal gasket nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag sib cuag thaum lub elliptical gasket nyob rau hauv kab sib cuag. Yog li ntawd, lub elliptic ncoo nyob rau hauv lub qis nruj quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub haum yog zoo, tab sis yuav tsum tau nqa tawm lub thib ob fastening; thiab octagonal ncoo feem ntau yog fastening, tsis yooj yim rau to. Lawv qhov tsis txaus rau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj lub zog nruj dua, thaum siv nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tshua muaj siab thiab kub kub, qib flange yuav tsum siab tshaj PN25kg.